History

Intent

At Carden Nursery and Primary School we believe in providing high quality, active, purposeful and experiential learning opportunities. Our aim is to engage and equip pupils with the skills, knowledge and understanding they require to be successful learners. Through exploratory learning of historical events, pupils are able to timeline the narrative of history and make links to the present. During in-depth study of historical events, pupils gain an understanding of the wider world and the consequences of choices past.

Our Core Values and Learning Journey Skills underpin our language rich curriculum, which is mapped to include coverage of the national curriculum as well as numerous enrichment activities and outdoor learning opportunities. Utilising high quality resources and promoting both teacher and pupil talk, it ensures children can comfortably use a wide variety of historical terms to support their learning and understanding. Making use of local sites of interest, re-enactment and dress up days allows our pupils to see history through their own eyes and contextualise and solve problems as someone else in time. Our curriculum challenges all pupils; engages their imagination by being immersed in real-life experiences; encourages their curiosity and motivates them to take the next steps in their learning.

We believe that the curriculum is everything that happens throughout the day, both in and out of school; we value and celebrate experiences and achievements from home. By celebrating the commemorative and familial events relevant to our pupils and our wider community, we aim to help children understand the complexity of people’s lives, the process of change, the diversity of societies and relationships between different groups, as well as seeing, understanding and celebrating their own identity.

Our ultimate goal is for all learners to be successful, confident, happy individuals, who make positive contributions within their community, respect diversity and value equality of opportunity both now and in the future.

Implementation

At Carden, we have linked historic events, knowledge, skills and vocabulary through our Big 6 themes of democracy, invasion, invention, trade, exploration and empire. Pupils study each period of history through the lense of these themes which are woven through and underpin the curriculum. Detailed knowledge organisers and progression of skills documents support the learning at each stage.

Our history teaching and learning is fully diversified and significant work has been achieved in decolonising key aspects of the curriculum. We challenge Eurocentric perspectives by including diverse knowledge systems, histories, and voices, recognising how colonialism shaped what we learn. We have broadened the subject to reflect global contributions, acknowledging power imbalances, and creating more inclusive, representative learning environments for all students, rather than erasing existing knowledge.

Key aims of our history curriculum

  • Creating an immersive experience of history, which inspires pupils to use their creative and analytical mind to explore history. This included examining a variety of primary and secondary source of evidence and information.
  • Interconnecting the study of history with the study of the other humanities of geography and religious study. Making use of the opportunity to recognise and celebrate the contributions of diverse societies and people to arts, sciences, and politics.
  • Using experimental archaeology, informed role-play and simulation to explore historical situations and to formulate pupils’ own hypotheses, questions and opinions.
  • Exploring the history of our locality, the United Kingdom, and a diverse variety of places and societies.
  • Investigating case studies of significant events in history examining the points of view of people involved and the cause and impact of such events.

Impact

Pupils will leave Carden with an increased critical and analytical thinking, making informed and balanced judgements based on their knowledge of the past; beginning to apply these to the issues they face in the present. They will have the knowledge and skills to challenge and question traditional narratives. Pupils will have developed their awareness and understanding of how historical events, including local history, have contributed and influenced societies around the globe to shape the modern world. Pupils will have a love of history and a desire to continue to explore in the next stage of their learning.

Overview

Key
EmpireDemocracyTrade
InvasionExplorationInvention

Year 1 and 2

Year 1Year 2
Autumn 1Castles

Events that are beyond living memory. Looking at the country at the time (Anglo Saxon). Who was King? How did people live?

Significant local historical event: The Battle of Hastings
Science/ Geography focus.
Autumn 2Castles

Significant individual: Harold of Wessex
William the Conqueror and the monarchy at the time.
The Norman invasion against King Harold.
What is a castle?
A castle is a type of home that was built to protect the rich people
inside.
Who lived in a castle?
A long time ago, Kings and Lords lived in castles with their families.
They were rich people who had lots of money.
Why were castles built?
Castles were built to protect the rich people inside.
Where were castles built?
Castles were often built on hilltops and by water to make them
easier to defend.
What do castles look like?
Castles are usually made from stone. They are tall.
They have tall walls and towers.
Fire!

Events beyond living memory: The Great Fire of London.

When and where did the fire start?
Why did the fire spread?
How did they fight the fire?
How did the fire stop?
What changes happened to the method of fighting fires after the fire and house building?
- Brick houses instead of wood
- New building regs to avoid over-hanging upper floors
- Street made wider
- Long flexible hose pipes
- Fire engines
- Firefighting tools
The fire forced London to rethink how a city should be built and protected, which led to innovations that still influence modern cities.
Spring 1Up in the sky and across the sea

Events beyond living memory:
Moon landing.

Why was the Apollo 11 moon landing so
important?
Significant individuals: Neil Armstrong and Tenzing Norgay how they impacted everyday life. X-curriculum environment studies.Pole to Pole

Events beyond living memory: The Race to the South Pole.
Significant individuals: Rauld Anmunsen and Robert Scott.

Why do you think Captain Scott is so famous today?
How did Scott manage to get to the South Pole and what happened when he got there?
Why on earth did Scott risk his life to get to the South Pole?
How would Scott have felt when he arrived at the South Pole after Amundsen and how do we
know?
Why did Scott fail to get there first?
How should we remember Scott today?
Should we carry on exploring today
Vocabulary:
- Courage
- Endurance
- Survival
Spring 2Science/ Geography focus.Geography focus
Summer 1Trade DT focus

Changes within living memory: comparing the markets of castles topics in Autumn to modern day supermarkets – bartering / cash / cardless systems.
Rosa Parks
Rosa’s actions highlight how democratic societies are supposed to work – and what happens when they don’t work fairly.
- What is democracy?
- Role play of having to give something up unfairly to launch topic
- Rosa’s actions highlight how democratic societies are supposed to work. How does society then and now compare?
- What was the impact on Rosa of not living in a democratic society?
- How did she and others challenge it?
- What are civil rights?
- What changes did Rosa bring about?
- What is her democratic legacy?
Summer 2Science/ Geography focus.Votes for Women!

Emily Davison was a key figure in the women’s suffrage movement in Britain. Her actions- including her protest at the Epsom Derby where she was fatally injured – were aimed at gaining the democratic right for women to vote.

- What happened at Epsom Derby
- What rights did women have compared to men?
- What changed as a result of the suffragette movement?
- Why was there such a struggle for equal rights?
- Why are equal rights important today?
- What can learn about democracy from Rosa and Emily?

Year 3

ExplorationExploration
Autumn 1

Stone Age to Iron Age
Early Stone Age

Where did they originate?
How did they move around?
How did they survive?
What tools did they have?
Were there any other people like them?
Middle – Late Stone Age

Look at what people traded and impact on their survival.
Look at how people bartered for items / farm.

Why did they settle?
What were the benefits of this?
What did they trade?
Stone Age – Late Stone Age

How did tools develop over the three periods?
How did settling down impact / start Society?
How did they discover farming?
Did they have livestock?
Autumn 2

Stone Age to Iron Age
Bronze Age - Iron Age

Continue impacts of farming
Look at the impacts/ changes of bronze and iron on lives.
Look at changes of housing and tools.

How did they make metals?
How did the use of metal impact civilisation?
Iron Age

Looking at tribes
Having chief leaders in tribes
Impacts of the Druids

Who was in charge of a tribe?
Iron Age

Look at:
Use of hillforts
The Celts and warriors
Briefly touch on Queen Boudicca and the introduce the start of Roman Empire

Why did they build on hills?
Who were the Celts
Spring 1Geography Focus

History links: The UK
The Queen and where she lives.
Look at the fact that a country is defined by a single government
Spring 2Geography Focus

The UK
Focus on foods from the different countries in relation to climate, soil, location?
The UK
Focus on foods from the different countries in relation to climate, soil, location?
Summer 1
Ancient Egyptians
Empire


How did the Empire and grow? When was it at its peak?
How did the Egyptians govern their people?
Who had rights during the Egyptian Dynasties?
Invention


Why did hieroglyphs develop?
How many pyramids are there?
How were they made?
What did the Egyptians invent?

Democracy


Why did the Ancient Egyptians
mummify their dead?
Who was Tutankhamun?
What were the beliefs of Ancient Egypt?
Who did the Ancient Egyptians worship?
Who were the Ancient Egyptians?
What was life like in Ancient Egypt?
Summer 2
Ancient Egyptians
Trade


Who did they trade with?
What did they trade and receive?
How did The Nile impact everyday life? (trade and beliefs)
Exploration


Who was Howard Carter?
Why was he so important to the history of Ancient Egypt?
What did he explore?
Who was Hussein Abdul Rasoul? Who really found the tomb?
What impact did Howard Carter’s findings have on our understanding of the Ancient Egyptians?
Are any discoveries still to be made?

Year 4

Autumn 1: Roman BritainTrade
What did Britain trade with the Roman empire before invasion?
Empire
How were the Romans able to keep control over such a vast empire?
Invasion
Why did the Romans move from trading to invading/settling in Britain?
Democracy
Who had rights during the Roman empire?
Autumn 2
Invasion
How and why did Boudicca rebel against the Romans?
What image do we have of her today?
Invention
What is the legacy of the Romans on modern Britain?
Spring 1/Spring 2: Brilliant BrightonInvention - What new inventions and ideas originated in Brighton?

Who was responsible?
Trade – How has local industry changed over the centuries? Empire – What did the impact of Britain’s expanding influence on the world have on Brighton?
Exploration – How did the explorers at the time impact the development of Brighton Pavilion?
Summer 1: South AmericaExploration – Spanish and Portuguese explore South America Democracy
How did the native South Americans organise their society compared to European nations?
Summer 2Geography Focus

Year 5

Autumn 1

Anglo-Saxons
Empire
How did the fall of the Roman Empire impact the Anglo-Saxons coming to Britain?

How did Anglo-Saxon society compare to the Romans?

Democracy
How was England ruled?
How did the legal system work in Anglo Saxon Britain?

Anglo-Saxon kingdoms
King Alfred, Canute
Invasion
Why did the Anglo-Saxons invade/settle in Britain?
Who were the Anglo Saxon kings?
Trade
How important was the trade Baltic and Silk Road?
What would have been missing from the lives of Anglo-Saxons without it?
Autumn 2

Vikings

Invasion – why did the Vikings invade/settle in Britain?

How did the Vikings
live?
When and where
did the Vikings come
from?
Democracy
How did Britain become divided between the Anglo-Saxons and Vikings?

Why was Danegeld introduced?

What happened over time?

How did the last Anglo Saxon kings shape Britain?
Exploration
How far did the Vikings explore?
What was the impact of
Invention
What inventions/methods did the Vikings use to explore?

Invasion

What happened in 1066?
Spring 1

Earth & Space
Space race
Moon landing
Astronomy
Hidden Figures - book
Mars Rover - book
Mars Rover
Hidden Figures
Telescope
Spring 2

Europe

Summer 1 & 2

Ancient Greece
Empire and Exploration
Rise of ancient Greeks.

How far around the Mediterranean did the Greeks explore?
Trade
What impact did trading have on the Athenian city state? Democracy
How was ancient Greece organised?

What is the difference between monarchy, oligarchy & democracy?

Who were the ancient Greeks?
Who was a citizen in ancient Greece?

What rights did women have in different city states?

Who were slaves in ancient Greece?

How was religion organised? How important was it?
Invasion

Why were Sparta and Athens enemies?

What were some of the important invasions?

Battle of Troy
Battle of Marathon

Who were the famous Greek philosophers & inventors?

What has been the legacy of the ancient Greeks on modern society?

What was the origin of the Olympics?
Who was Alexander the Great? Where did he explore and conquer?
Trade
What impact did trading have on the Athenian city state?

Year 6

WW2
Autumn: WWIIEmpire

Why did WWII start?

Nazi Germany expanding empire
Who were the Allies & Axis powers?

How did the war end?
Democracy

How did Hitler’s idea of ruling compare to allied countries?

Who was Churchill? What was his role?

What was Hitler’s rise to power?

What was the Holocaust? Who was Anne Frank?
Trade

How was trade impacted during WWII?
How did this effect everyday lives?
What was rationing?
Invasion

When and how did Germany try to invade Britain?

What were the turning points in the war?
Dunkirk, BofB, The Blitz, D-Day

Who was involved in British resistance?
Noor Inayat Khan.

Exploration

Why were some children evacuated?
Invention

What were some of the important inventions of WWII?
Alan Turing- enigma machine
Spring 1Geography focus
Spring 2SATs prep
Summer 1Geography focus
Summer 2: Non-European Society
Early Islamic Civilisation (EIC)
Empire

What countries were part of the EIC?

Where is Bagdad? Why was it chosen for a capital? Compare life in Bagdad with life in Britain at 809AD?

When and how did Islam begin?

Who was involved?

How did it spread?
Invasion vs Religion
Democracy

Who ruled?
How was a Caliph different to Monarch?

What were the role of women?
Trade

How important was the Silk Road to the EIC?

How was the EIC connected to the rest of the world e.g. China and Europe?
Inventions

What is the legacy of the EIC on today?

What everyday items do we use that originated in the EIC?